What is medical tourism
Medical tourism (also called medical travel, health tourism or global healthcare) is a term originally coined by travel agencies and the media to describe the growing practice of traveling across international borders to obtain medical care. It also refers pejoratively to the practice of health care providers to travel internationally to health care [1] [2] liefern.Services usually sought by travelers include elective procedures as well as complex specialized operations such as joint replacement (knee / hip), cardiac surgery, dental surgery and cosmetic surgery. However, virtually all types of health care, including psychiatry, alternative treatments, rehabilitation care, and even funerals available. Sharing In practice, channel providers and clients of informal communication-connection-contract, and in these cases, it tends to be less legal or regulatory authority are synonymous with quality and safety requires less formal restitution or compensation if necessary [edit]. Over 50 countries have identified medical tourism as a national economy. [3], however, vary accreditation and other quality measures well beyond the sphere, and there are risks and ethical issues that this method] make it necessary for access to medical care controversial [Edit . In addition, some destinations will be hazardous or dangerous for medical tourists betrachten.Im global health, "medical tourism" is a pejorative term, because during these trips health professionals often practice outside their disciplines or have different (lower) standards of care [4] [5]. More than ever, student volunteers, health professionals, interns and researchers from resource-rich countries are now dead and that they [future work in resource-rich regions 5] [6]. This underlines the importance of understanding this concept Definition.GeschichteDas other medical tourism is not new. The first known case of medical tourism dates back thousands of years, called by the Greek pilgrims from all corners of the Mediterranean to the small territory in the Saronic Gulf Epidauria traveled. This territory was the sanctuary of God’s healing Asclepius. Epidauria was the original destination for medical and sanatoriums Tourismus.Kurorten can be used as an early form of medical tourism. In eighteenth century England, for example, visited the sick, spas, because they were places with supposedly curative mineral springs, the treatment of diseases from gout to liver disorders and bronchitis . [3] BeschreibungZu factors that led to the increasing popularity of medical travel include the high cost of health care, the long wait for certain procedures, ease and affordability of international travel and improved technology and quality of care in many countries. [7] medical tourists can work anywhere in the First World, including Europe, the Middle East, Japan, the United States and Canada. Because of their large population of relatively high wealth, the high cost of health care or lack of health care options locally, and increasingly high expectations of the population in terms medical care. An authority of the Harvard Business School recently stated that “medical tourism is promoted much more in the United Kingdom and the United States.” [8] A forecast by Deloitte Consulting published in August 2008 provides that medical tourism could be from the United States by a factor of ten to jump over the next decade. Approximately 750,000 Americans went abroad for health care in 2007 and the report estimates that one and a half-million health care outside the United States in 2008 to research. The growth in medical tourism has the potential cost of health care providers in the United States billions of dollars in lost revenue. [9] A long journey to make to medicine is the convenience and speed. Countries concerned that the public health systems are often so taxed that for some time to take non-emergency medical assistance. With Canada as an example, an estimated 782,936 Canadians spent time on medical waiting lists in 2005, average waiting Apr. 9 weeks. [10] Canada has set benchmarks for example to wait 26 weeks for a hip replacement and 16 weeks for cataract surgery, medical elective procedures. [11] also found that patients or the insurance does not cover orthopedic surgery (such as knee / hip) to require or unjustified restrictions on the choice of institution, surgeon or prosthetics to be used. Medical tourism for knee replacements / hip as one of the most widely accepted procedures because of lower cost and minimal difficulties arose in the context of travel to / from the surgery. Colombia provides a knee replacement for about $ 5,000 USD, including all related expenses, such as FDA approved prosthetics and hospital stay costs supported. However, many clinics offer fares that are not all inclusive and include only the costs associated with the surgical process. [12] According to a University of Delaware UDaily publication: “The cost of the operation in India, Thailand or South Africa can be one tenth of that in the U.S. or Europe Western, and sometimes even less. The replacement heart valves, which cost $ 200,000 or more in the United States, for example, goes for $ 10,000 in India – and that includes a round trip and a holiday package of short duration. Similarly, a metal-free dental bridge worth $ 5,500 in costs U.S. $ 500 in India, a knee replacement in Thailand with six days of physical therapy costs about one fifth of what it is in the States, and Lasik eye surgery worth $ 3,700 in the U.S. in many other countries available for only $ 730. Cosmetic surgery savings are even greater: A full facelift that would cost $ 20,000 to U.S. costs about $ 1,250 in South Africa [12]. “Popular medical destinations worldwide Travel: Argentina, Brunei, Cuba, Colombia, Costa Rica, Hong Kong, Hungary, India, Jordan, Lithuania, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, South Africa, Thailand, and recently , Saudi Arabia, UAE, South Korea, Tunisia and New Zealand. [3] Popular Destinations Cosmetic Surgery: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Mexico and Turkey. In South America, leaving countries such as Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil and Colombia lead on plastic surgery medical skills of their experienced plastic surgeon. In Bolivia and Colombia, plastic surgery has also become commonplace . According to the “Sociedad Boliviana de Cirugía Plastica y Reconstructiv, over 70% of middle and upper class women in the country had some form of plastic surgery. Colombia also provides advanced care in cardiovascular and Transplantationschirurgie.In Europe Belgium, Poland and Slovakia also broke into the business. South Africa, the term “medical tourism” very literally by promoting their “medical safaris”. [13] A particular subset of medical tourism is reproductive tourism and reproductive outsourcing [14] that the practice of traveling abroad in vitro fertilization, surrogate pregnancy and other assisted reproductive technologies treatments including freezing embryos for retro-production is submitted. [15] However, the perceptions of medical tourism is not always positive. has in places like the U.S., the high standards of quality, medical tourism is considered risky. In some parts of the world can influence political issues, to find where tourists are choosing medical tourism service providers have Gesundheitsversorgung.Gesundheits as a broker for potential medical tourists with provider hospitals and other organizations to unite. “Businesses are beginning to activate the options of health care worldwide, the North American and European patients to health care worldwide at a fraction of the cost of the house provides access to care is. The companies on the medical value travel typically provide nurse case managers for patients with pre- post-travel issues and medical support. They also help provide resources for the after the patient’s return. ProzessDer typical sequence is: the person, medical treatment abroad contacts a company medical tourism. The provider usually requires the patient to a medical report, including the nature of the disease, the local doctor to give advice, medical history, diagnosis, and may request additional information. doctors medical certificate or consultant and an adviser on medical treatment. The approximate cost, the choice of hospitals and tourist destinations, and length of stay, etc., is discussed. After signing the consent agreements and obligations, the patient receives a letter of recommendation for a medical visa, obtainable from the embassy. The patient goes to the country of destination where medical tourism provider assigns a case, the executive, care units, treatment and other forms of care are provided. Once treatment is completed, the patient is in a spot or return home to care standards bleiben.International AkkreditierungDa health are important when it comes to health, there are parallel issues around medical tourism, international accreditation of health care companies, evidence-based medicine and older Qualitätssicherung.Die International Accreditation Accreditation Canada, formerly known as the Canadian Council on Health Services, the council Hospital in Bermuda in 1968 accredited as soon as known. Since then he has hospitals and service organizations in ten other countries akkreditiert.In the U.S., the most famous group, the Joint Commission of Accreditation International (JCI). You have inspection and accreditation of medical facilities and hospitals outside the United States since 1999. [16] Many international hospitals today see obtaining international accreditation as a means attract American patients. [17] of the International Joint Commission is a relative of the Joint Commission in the United States. Both are independent of private sector development to nonprofit organizations nationally and internationally recognized methods and standards to improve patient care and safety. They work with hospitals to help and to meet the Joint Commission for patient care and accredit hospitals that meet the standards. [18] In the United Kingdom and Hong Kong , the Trent International Accreditation Scheme is a major player. The various regimes of international accreditation of health care varies in quality, size, cost, intent and the skill and intensity of their marketing. They also differ in terms of costs for hospitals and healthcare institutions using them. [19] A forecast by Deloitte Consulting on medical tourism in August 2008 Journal of the value of accreditation has taken to ensure the quality of care , referring to the JCI and Trent ISQua. [8] Increasingly, some hospitals are turning to the dual international accreditation, perhaps with both JCI to cover customers in the United States, the potential Trent UK and European customers and Accreditation Canada. Because of competition between clinics for American tourists, there have been initiatives that hospital patients have been reported settings Rank. [20] Other organizations contribute to the quality of the following practices: Join the Society for International Healthcare Accreditation (SOFIHA), a free-to-group through a discussion forum and exchange ideas and best practices for providers of health care accreditation and international users of the same. The main task of this organization is to promote a safe environment for patients. [21] The United Kingdom Accreditation Forum (UKAF) is a network set up accreditation bodies with the aim of exchanging experiences of best practices and new ideas on how accreditation programs on topics such as developing standards of quality in health care setting implement standards in health care organizations, peer assessment and explore techniques for peer review in the recruitment, training, monitoring and evaluation of evaluators and mechanisms for granting accreditation status of organizations. Shaywitz [22] References ^, & DA Ausiello, DA (2002). Global Health: to give a chance for Western physicians – and receiving. The American Journal of Medicine 113, 354-357. Bezruchka ^, S. (2000). Medical Tourism medical harm to the Third World: Why? Who? Wilderness and Environmental Medicine, 11, 77-78. Gahlinger ↑ abed, PM. The Guide Medical Tourism Travel: Your complete reference for high quality, low cost dental, cosmetic, medical care and surgery abroad. Sunrise River Press, 2008 ^ Roberts, M. (2006). Duffle Medicine. Journal the American Medical Association, 295, 1491-1492. ^ Pinto AB, AD, & Upshur, REG (2009). Global Health Ethics for Students. Developing World Bioethics, 9, 1-10. ^ James , D. (1999). Going Global. The new doctor, 48 years online. Retrieved May 7, 2009.. [1] ^ AB Laurie Goering, “For major surgery will be in Delhi,” The Chicago Tribune, March 28, 2008 ^ Lagace, Martha “the rise of medical tourism,” Harvard Business School Working Knowledge, December 17, 2007. Accessed July 1, 2008. ^ Linda A. Johnson, look at “Americans abroad to save on health care: Medical tourism could jump tenfold in next decade,” The San Francisco Chronicle, August 3, 2008 ^ private costs of public queues in 2005 ^ The Fraser Institute shorter waiting times for medical procedures: report. Canwest News Service ^ A growing worldwide “medical tourism” by Becca Hutchinson, UDaily, July 25, 2005, accessed September 5, 2006 ^ “Medical tourism will need surgery, Will Travel” News Radio-Canada Online, June 18, 2004, accessed September 5, 2006 ^ Jones CA, Keith LG. Medical tourism and reproductive outsourcing: the dawning of a new paradigm for health care. Int J Fertil Women’s Med 2006; 51:251-255 ^ C Jones, “Ethical and legal puzzles of the post-modern”, Int J Obstet Gynaecol 4 December 2007 ^ “Medical certification of the tourism industry and information “^” Medical Tourism Magazine “Medical Tourism Association, February 2008 ^ Http: / / www. . Joint Commission org / AboutUs / Fact_Sheets / jci_facts. htm ^ “India: The accreditation is a must,” International Medical Travel Journal ^ Http: / / www. monitor hospital world. SOFIHA com ^ – ^ Welcome to SOFIHA United Kingdom Accreditation Forum
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